Carbureter.



H W.GALLAGHER CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.1,1913.

SHEET 2.

Pntent July @pi-@ww jig. uw

Y control and a tra velinn STATES@ eicellen W. eeLLAeHE-R, or NEW YORK, N. Y.,

ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO CARROLL W. PROCHASKA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Gehenne-TER.

Application led August l, 1913.

To all @07mm t m concern Be it known that I, Riemann lV. GALLA- ciina, a citizen of the United States. residing in the borough of Manhattan of the city of N ew York, in the State of ew York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in `Carlmreters, of which the following is a specification, ref rence being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof.

' This invention relates to carburcters and has for an object to improve generally the construction thereof whereby the eliiciency is increased. they entire structure rendered more compact and substantial than hitherto and the cost of manufacture decreasedY More particularly the invention is con'- `cerned with improvements in the details of construction of the various parts and their arrangement with respect to each other.

In previous constructions it has been proposed to form the Venturi tube centrally of the float chamber, but it has not been the practice to form in the wall of the Venturi tube, the gasolene passage from the float chamber, an adjustable low speed gasolene high speed grasolene control. ln accordance with the present invention the Venturi tube is foru'ied with such a gasolene passage in which is removably disposed a nozzle, the character of which regulates the character of the gasolene spray. rihe discharge of gasolene from thel nozzle may be through independent ducts controlled in turn by adjustable low speed and high speed needle valves respectively. The low speed gasolene duct, which is -also formed in the wall of the Venturi tube is so disposed with=respect to the gasolene level in the float chamber that the supply of fuel therethrough is induced partially through capillary action.

A further object of the invention is to improve the means for controlling the supply of high speed air and its introduction into the fuel supply so that a more complete and intimate mixture is formed and a more sensitive control of the motor obtained. than has been possible in previous constructions. The disposition of the high speed air inlet in the casingl is also made with a view to rendering` the entire device as compact as is consistent with eiiicient operatioi'i.`

The invention is concerned also with other Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2?, ib. Serial No. 782,460.

improvements which will appear more fully Figure l is a-view in side elevation of a- '.arbureter embodying' the present in'lprovements. part-s being broken away to show dc tails of construction. Fig. 2 is a view in section on the plane :indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. l and lookingp in the direction of the arrows. F 3 is ay plan view, partly in section, of the carbureter shown l. Fig. 4f. is a detail view on an enlarged scale of the fuel passage from the float chainber showing the removable nozzle therein and the low andhigh speed needle valves in operative position with respect thereto.

The carbureter here shown embodies in the main, parts correslmnding to carbureters now known, the easing thereof being formed to providea float chamber a of substantially cylindrical foi'm and having disposed centrally therethrough a Venturi tube .7 in which low speed air and fuel are combined and pass through an outlet to the motor, as will be understood. In the iloat chamber is disposed an annular float c preferably encircling the V enturi tube l) and suspended from a forked member (j fulcrumed between its ends. as at d. and operatively connected at its outer end to an adjustable needle valve c which controls the low 4of fuel through the passage f from any suitable supply to the fioat chamber. The invention is not concerned with the construction of the float or the needle valve c or their connections. However, it is now proposed to inclose partially the stem of the needle valve c by a sealed cap a. threaded in the upper wall of the casing of the float chamber a, and provided with an air vent u?. l

In the wall.. of the Venturi tube Z is formed a passage leading from the interior of the float chamber a. to a point sulo-r stantially cent ally disposed of the Venturi tube, so that the fuel will be discharged directly in the path of the low speed air supply which passes upward and through the Venturi tube in a manner well known. lVithin the passage may be threaded removably a nozzle i] through the bore of which the fuel actually passes. The upper endet the nozzle/7g, is preferably tapered. at g",

in Fig.

to lit snugly Within the upper end of the passage first described which is correspondingly tapered. The tapered portion g of the nozzle g forms between itself and the Wall of the passage:r in which the nozzle is disposed, an annular chamber Zi into .vhich fuel may pass from the nozzle through a se ries of apertures g2 formed in the nozzle adjacent the chamber. The upper end of the nozzle g communicates with the interior of the Venturi tube adjacent its throat or restricted section through a duct g3 having formed therein a valve seat gt with which the high speed traveling needle valve/Z cooperates in manner to be pointed out later. The gas chamber ZL communicates in turn, through a duct b2, with a valve controlled passage 223 vwhich permits the flow of fuel into the interior of the Venturi tube. The duct b2 and the passage b3, above referred to, are controlled by a low speed needle valve c in a manner which will appear presently. It should be noted here that the valve seat g4 in the nozzle g isdisposed at a lower level than uthe disch end of the passage b3 and that the discharge end of the pas- Sage 3 is normally higher than the level of the fuel in the'float chamber.l The effect of suoli an arrangement is to insure, through capillary action, a slight discharge of fuel through the passage 3 aided by the suction of the motor. Thus, when the high speed valve Z is seated firmly to close the duct g3, capillary action and the suction of the motor will cause a Welling over of fuel through the discharge passage D3 and such a .ischarge will be sufiicient to insure idle runr-'ng of the motor. From the arrangement above described, it .vill appear that gasolene or other fuel may loiv from the float chamber a through the nozzle g and discharge through the duct g3 in-to the Venturi tube, provided. of course, that lthe high speed traveling needle valve is raised from its seat.

Zig and the passage Z into the Venturi tube l and there combine u'lth a suitable supply ot air to form a mixture of proper prr-mortions for idle running of the motor. f

l art that it will be desirable lt will be evident to those skilled in the to provide nozzles ,f/ of different characters, that is, nozzles having larger or smaller bores, greater or less tapers, discharge ducts (/3 of varying size and apertures g2 of varying diameters. By the' construction herein employed the nozzles y may be inten-hanged readily by forming their threaded portions of standard types.

Aslot b5.

lt will be understood. that the valve i will, during normal operating conditions, be y Vspeed air into the fuel stream,

The advantage of control of the gasolene or fuel lioiv at the point of its discharge into the Venturi tube will be appre elated.

lVhile, as indicated in Fig. 2, the supply of atmospheric air to the` lower end of the Venturi tube is obtained as usual, the high speed air supply is controlled in thelpresent carbureter by an' improved valve and inlet passage, both constructed and arranged to 'permit position than has been obtained in similar devices now known. This high. speed air valve and its communicating passage Will now be described.I Reference to Fig. l shows that the casing above the float chamber a is extended at one side to form the vertically disposed high speed air chamber Zit of substantially cylindrical form which receives a rotatable valve body Z having a stem Z operatively connected to the usual manual control as will later appear. rlhe air chamber Zithas formed in the walls thereof an inlet The valve body Z vvhich controls the opening b5 may be formed With a segmental Wall constituting a control shutter therefor. Since it may be desirable at times to remove. the valve member Z for purposes of inspection, cleaning, etc., a removable cap Zi is threaded in the upper Wall of the valve chamber b4, as appears clearly in Fig. l. rllhe cap 2) may be formed with an annular flange bl to receive and guide the operating stem Z of the valve Z.

From the valvechamber Zit the air passes to the outlet duct through a tapered or progressively narrowing passage b3 which is preferably integral with the Venturi 'tube and with the high'speed air chamber 5*. The cross sectional area of the passage Zig adjacent its inner end is materially less than its cross sectional area at its point of communication With the air chamber Zit, with the result that the air is discharged into the fuel in the Venturi tube at a relatively high ve locity. In this manner an intimate mixture of the air vwith the fuel is secured and the use of mechanical or other mixers is obviated.

In the outlet duct Z5 for the mixture and above the point of introduction ofI the high is mounted the usual butteriiy valve m controlled through .suitable link connections m by the operator. In the Wall of the outlet passage b and in juxtaposition to the periphery of the butterfly valve fm, is threaded a' grooved `stud fn, to provide a by-pass'for the mixture diate its ends with a groove n,.so that when the butterfly valve m is in closed position, as indicated in AFig. l, its periphery lies against the stud By reason of the groove "n,` however, a buv-pass for the mixture 1s leftbe tween the butterfly valve and the stud. Tho

cross sectional area of this by-pass may be varied readily by rotating the stud n to change the angular relation of the wall of the groove a with respect to the inner wall of the passage Z1. Such an adjustment may be made initially for the particula motor to which the carburetor is attached and, once made, serves for an indefinite time for a proper fuel supply for idle running of the motor.

Another feature. oi importance in connection with Athe stud n and its groove n," is the provision in. the wall ot the passage L? of a cup-like chamber7 indicated at constituting` a part ol the aperture to receive the stud, Such a chamber Zin will always be found within the groove n. 'By reason ot the normal relation oi the groove nl to the butterfly valve m, when. the latter is in closed position, condensatiijin ot' the fuel which7 as usual, results in a deposit thereot onthe butterdy valve, permits a deposit ot such condensed fuel in the cup-like chamber o9. Such a deposit will serve as a startingr charge for the .motor and will. render unnecessary the priming which is usually resorted to.

Having described the structure ot the various operating parte and pointed out their respective trneti. is, it l erieved that a. recital ot their relations each to each together with their operative. connections to each ther to the master control, will new be ppi-ei' ed. rl`he slow speed fuel supply .sage 7); may be controlled, as indicated ore. the needle valve .vhioh may be 'th eaded in the wall ot the Venturi tube and which is manually adjusted through a milled head /l/ and held in set position 'by a suitable spring or similar device which cooperates with the head. The hie'h speed fuel duct g3, ln'rvvever, is controlled .by the traveling needle valve i which may threaded .in the wall. ot' the raising or, as illustrated, 'in a sleeve 'f'fo removably secured in the wall.

The traveling 'needle valve 2' may also be ,irorided with a milled head ci whereby inanual adjustment vfacilitated and such initial :uliustnient may be maintained by a spring clip or similar device in engagement with the head. (En the stern of the valvf.l :i yiay be secured a link o having a lontudinal slot o in which loosely disposed arm u secured adjustahly on one end of protruding stem m? ot the butterfly i .k split ring;r clamp 'i3 is fixed with relation to the sir .1 clip and the link o. on the stom oly the valve i and when loosened the valve to lie rotated. in the Slee.'e om to adjust its initial position with respect to the valve seat. lfhen the ring '113 is subsequently clamped to the stem of the valve i, the spring u holds the valve in this relav valve 2i.

tire position. By sliding the n,arin p along the stein m2 and the slot 0 its radial olistance with respect to the needle valve el may be varied and the speed of travel of the latter changed accordingly. As pointed out before, the other end of the stein m2 of the butterfly valve m also protrudes beyond the casing and has secured thereto the link con-l nection m with the manual control for the operator. On the last named end of the stein m2 may be secured adjustablyY an arin f] in operative engage-ment through a universal connection with one end of 'an arm r, the other end of which may have a ball and socket or universal engagement with the stem Z ot the high speed air inlet valve Z.

The connections described above permit si-Y inultaneous and proportional movement of the butterfly valve, the high speed air inlet valve and the traveling' high speed fuel The several independent ladjustments pilmitted with respect to' each ot these connections, as indicated in the description of the respective parts. permitsthe phase of each of the members to he varied with respect to the remaining interconnected members. In this way, by proper .initial adjustment, a very .line adjustment of a correct proportion oil fuel and air for-different speeds of the motor may be obtained.

From the description thus 'far given the method of operation. of the carbureter will be evident. The low speed air supplv` preheated il" desired by the' means herein provideih enters the lower end oll the Venturi tube and passes upward therethrough; At the throat or restricted portion of the Vinturi tube his air unites` when the high speed valve is seated, with low speed 'tuel discharged Vfrom the passage L?. partiallyv by capillary action and partially by induction ot' the motor. At this time, the high spoed air valve Z closes completely the inlet slot .if and 'the butterfly valve m may be in its closed position, so that the mixture passing* upward to the motor flows thereto through the iiy-pass n in the adjustable stud a. ll'hen any load is thrown ou the motor it wil be found desirable to increase the volz 1 unie oi the mixture as well as. perhaps, the

proportions thereof. Accordingly.'v the operator may open partially the butterfly valve rm. through the linlr lm. Simultaeously. by reason of the interconnections hereinlarlore pointed out, the high speed air inlet valve il will be opened partially, to admit a proportimial volume ol.E air through. the slot 7), and the high speed traveling valve 'i' will be unsrated to admit a proporating parts. While it is recognized that the operating parts may have their functional equivalents in the prior art, it is believed that their improved character, as herein pointed out, together with their novel arrangement result Yin the advantages herein sought to be obtained.

I claim as my invention:

l. In a carburetor, the combination of a Venturi tube, a float chamber, a single passage from the float chamber to the Venturi tube, independent ducts eon'nnunioating ivith the passage and the Venturi tube, and independent high and loiv speed. valves oontrolling said duets respeetively.

2. In a oarbureter, the combination of a Venturi tube, 'a lloat chamber', asingle passage from the o'at chamber to the Venturi tube, a high speed traveling valve operatively mounted in the wall olf the Venturi tubeto control the lioiv of gasolene from the mouth oli the passage, an independent ley-pass duet communicating with the passage and with the interior of the Venturi tube, and a low speed valve mounted operatively in the wall of the Venturi tube to eontrol the flow of 0nsolene through said duet. Y

3. ln a earbureter, the combination of an integral Venturi tube, a, float chamber, a single passage in the wall of said tube from the lloat chamber to theVenturi tube, a tapened nozzle removably secured in said passage, and a valve mounted operatively in the Wall of the Venturi tube to control the discharge of gasolene from the mouth of the nozzle.

fl. ln a earbureter, the eon'ibination of a Venturi tube, a float chamber, a passage in the Wall of said tube from the ioat chainber to the interior of the Venturi tube, a

Liese-.es

nozzle removably secured in said passage, a

chamber formed in the Wall of the passage,`

an aperture in the nozzle to permit the low of-gasolene into said chamber, an independu ent passage from the chamber to the interior of the Venturi tube, and high and low speed valves to control the discharge of gasolene from the mouth of the nozzle and through the last named passage respeetively.

In a earbureter, the combination of a Venturi tube, aiioat chamber, a nozzle removably secured in the wall of the Venturi tube and communicating with the interior of the tube and with the float Chamber, a high speed traveling valve operatively lmounted in the Wall of the tube to control ber 'forinedin the Wall of the passage, any

independent passage from the chamber to the interior of the Venturi tube, and high and low speed valves to control the discharge of gasolene rointhe mouth of the iii-st named passage and through the last 75,'

named passage respectively.

This specification signed and witnessed this 26th. .lilly A. D., 15H3.

RCHAH'D VV. GALLAGHER.-` Signed in the presence of* CARROLL VV. Puooriasim,

H. Mean. 

